1. Who wrote the play "Life of Galileo Galilei"?
**Bertolt Brecht**
2. In what year was the play written?
**1939**
3. What type of play is it?
**Biographical drama**
4. What famous scientist does the play focus on?
**Galileo Galilei**
5. What were Galileo's most notable scientific discoveries?
**Telescopic observation of the moons of Jupiter and phases of Venus supporting Copernican model**
6. Whose cosmological model did Galileo endorse through his scientific findings?
**Nicolaus Copernicus**
7. What authority did Galileo come into conflict with over his heliocentric teachings?
**The Roman Catholic Church**
8. What literary technique did Brecht employ in the play?
**Epic theater/estrangement effect**
9. Does the play follow a traditional dramatic structure?
**No, it is non-linear and employs alienation effect**
10. What was Brecht's goal in using epic theater techniques?
**To encourage critical thinking over emotional engagement**
11. Where is most of the action set?
**Florence, Italy**
12. Who was the first actor to play the role of Galileo?
**Conrad Hauser**
13. In what year did it premiere?
**1943 in Zurich, Switzerland**
14. What political ideology did Brecht subscribe to?
**Marxism**
15. What themes does the play examine?
**Conflict between science and religion, reason vs faith, freedom of thought**
16. What character does the audience most sympathize with?
**Galileo**
17. What was the historical outcome of Galileo's scientific theory?
**He was forced to recant but placed under house arrest by the Inquisition**
18. Which of Galileo's followers loses faith in him?
**Andrea**
19. Which character initially supports but later doubts Galileo?
**Cardinal Barberini**
20. Who oversees Galileo's trial by the Inquisition?
**Cardinal Bellarmine**
21. Where does the play's title appear on stage?
**In the intertitles**
22. True or false - the play has a happy, redemptive ending?
**False, it ends on a melancholic note**
23. How does Brecht encourage audience detachment?
**Breaking the fourth wall, direct addresses**
24. Where is the world premiere said to have taken place?
**Zurich, Switzerland in 1943**
25. Which famous scientist does the play portray in a negative light?
**Galileo Galilei**
26. What literary device does Brecht use to directly comment on the action?
**Intertitles**
27. True or false: Brecht finished the play in one draft.
**False, there were multiple drafts**
28. How does the play portray the relationship between science and religion?
**As inherently oppositional**
29. What does Galileo whisper at the end after being forced to recant?
**"E pur si muove"**
30. Who does Brecht see as responsible for suppressing Galileo's theory - the Church or society?
**Both**
31. At what famous Italian landmark does one scene take place?
**The Leaning Tower of Pisa**
32. What is the significance of Galileo dropping objects from the tower?
**To demonstrate his experiments on falling bodies**
33. Who is Galileo's daughter?
**Virginia**
34. Which scientific law does Galileo formulate?
**Uniform acceleration due to gravity**
35. True or false: Brecht included a pet dog as a character.
**True, in early drafts Galileo had a pet dog named Aristotle**
36. What is the name of Galileo's student who loses faith in him?
**Andrea**
37. Does the play present Galileo's theological arguments as strongly as his scientific ones?
**No, the scientific are emphasized more**
38. What technology does Galileo use to make his astronomical observations?
**The telescope**
39. What is Brecht warning about through the play?
**Dangers of suppressed dissent and free inquiry**
40. Whose legacy does Galileo famously hope to redeem?
**Copernicus'**
41. How does Brecht portray the relationship between the individual and institution?
**Institution suppresses the individual genius**
42. What scientific principle does Galileo argue for?
**Using evidence-based reason over faith/authority**
43. What do Galileo's debates with characters represent?
**Contending ideological perspectives**
44. How does Brecht challenge Aristotelian storytelling conventions?
**Through non-linear, alienating epic style**
45. Which infamous institution does Galileo face condemnation from?
**The Roman Inquisition**
46. What is one of Galileo's most famous arguments defending his theory?
**That studying nature honors God who created it**
47. When was the US premiere produced on Broadway?
**1953**
48. In what year was the play outlawed in East Germany?
**After Brecht's death in the 1950s due to its anti-authoritarian themes**
49. How does the play end theologically?
**With ambiguity about whether God is on the side of progress**
50. What is Brecht saying about power and truth through Galileo's story?
**That truth risks suppression by authorities threatened by innovation**
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